Internal-combustion engine.



P. E. LAMMERT. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 13, 1914.

Patented Nov. 24, 1914.

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2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

FERDINAND n. LnMMEn r, or cnreneo,

ILLINOIS.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 24, 1914.

Application iiled January 13, 1914; senarm. 811,813.

I To all whom it mag concern:

' mostatic means for so regulating I is a view showing u and radiator-1n side elevation, and Fig. 2 1s I waterthrough a pipe-connection 7"with the such Y as ether. or

Be it known that I, FERDINAND E. LAM- MERT, a citizenofthe United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Improvement in InternalfGombustion Engines, of which the following is a specification. a

My inventionrelates to an improvement in gas-engines used in conjunction with radiators, as they are on motor-cars or automobiles; and my object is to provide therthe circulation, between the wateracket of the engine and the radiator, of the hot water,that the predetermined temperature of the latter required for the engine shall remain without material variation under exposure to cold, moderate and hot weather. r

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 an automobile gas-engine an, enlarged view in elevation, partly sectional, of the thermostat-operated valve-device forjcontrolling the hot-water circulation between the waterackets and the radiator.

The engine-cylinders 3, 3 are shown in pairs, each pair being provided with awaterjacket 1. The radiator'is shown at 5.; and a rotary pump 6, having its shaft geared, as usual, to a motor (not shown), cii-culates the and branch dissuction-side ofthe pump,

the waterackets,

charge-pipes 8, 8. through, which discharge through pipe-connections and 9 into the radiator, thereby completing the circuit. At 10 is shown the usual rotary fan for forcing airthrough the radiator.

All the parts thus far. described and their operation are too well" connection.

In the pipe 9, at the discharge-side from the engine, and in accessible position wherein. it does not crowd other parts, is interposed a thermostat-controlled valve-device 11 of the preferred construction illustrated. Its casing 12, of semi-circular form, is provide with opposite nipples 13 and 1 1 for coupling it into the pipe 9. In the casing is secured at one end a semi-circular spring tube 15 closed at its ends and containing a fluid,

' alcohol, which readily expands under the influence of heat and contracts under the influence of cold. The tube steam and vacuum gages.

9 condition to the ackets,

known to' require detailed description thereof. in the. present ceeds, more or 'perature of the jacket-contained used is" the well-known Bourdon spring tube, WhlCh is employed in steam traps and On the opposite end of the tubular spring is head 16 carrying arm a headed stem 17 movable against a spiral spring 18 confined about it. With the head of this stem is pivotally connected the shorter arm of a bell-crank lever 19 fulcrumed at its angle in the casing and having a slotted member 20 adjustable thereon to extend and withdraw it and fastened in adjusted position by screws working through the slot. A link 21 connects the outer end of the member 20 with a butterfly-valve 22 of rectangular form preferably fulcrumed eccentrically, as shown, in the inner end of the nipple, which contains a stop 23 to prop- I erly limit the seating movement of the valve on its pivotal support. This valve, which Works between two flat surfaces of the opposite inner. casing-walls is slightly narrower than the inner diamete of the nipple 14=-to leave a narrow space for leakage about the edge of the valveand prevent complete closure in its normal or. seated, position, for

' the purpose hereinafter explained.

Supposing the predetermined temperature for the water in the jackets 4 to be, say, about 180? F., the valve occupies theposition illustrated when the temperature is somewhat below that specified. Then the pump" maintains'a constant circulation of the water through the radiator, but in' such smallquantity that by its return in cooled the temperature therein will nevertheless soon be raised to the predetermined degree. The normal condition of the thermostatic member 15 is such as to cause it, when. cold, to maintain the valve against the stop 23, and tendency to any. excessive pressure against the latter of the valve by contraction of that member is reduced by the spring 18. Whenever the temperature of tlhe water in the jackets exess, gree,{iexpansion of the liquid in the springtube distends the latter accordingly and turns the'bell-crank in the direction to open the valve and thereby increase the watercirculation through the radiator to cool a sufficient quantity thereof to reduce the temoverheated water on returning thereto;- i

Among the more important advantages obtained by the use of my improvement'in a rectangular loosely in its horizontal the predetermined depump. Should connection with an automobile gas-engine,

the tollowing may be mentioned: In cold Weatherinstead of having to Wait, as heretofore, for the? engine to Warm up, onto ride a considerable distance before the engine begins to run smoothly, it Will either have the proper temperature or attain it very quickly he engine uses less gasolene, because it always runs at the temperature conducive to thegreatest economy in the use of fuel. power due to an abnormally-cool engine 1s avoided, and the maximum power bureter may be adjusted closer (2'. e. for the proper normal proportions of air and gasolene) because the engine will run at the same temperature in winter and summer; and since better operation of the carbureter ensues, there will be less carbonization, and therefore more power and less overheating. oreover, by reason of there being less carbonization it is unnecessary to make the fuelmixture so rich, to be'Sl0Wbl1I'11lI1g, as is necessary Where accumulated carbon becomes heated to a glowing temperature and prematurely ignites a mixture of the normal proportions of air and gasolene. Finally, automobile builders Will be saved the necessity of selecting a certain size of radiator to suit a certain engine, since they need only provide the radiator large enough obj eat in pivoting the valve liable to be sufficiently high to create exin the system requiring imto avoid its injuring the I such excessive pressure ocour, the leakage which the valve affords Will not be suflicient and Will-not require readjusting,

- the casing,

as shown-m Fig. 2. Thus, it'

to relieve it, but it Will be exerted upon and open the eccentri'cally pivoted valve against the resistance of the spring 18, thereby immediately relieving the pressure Without affecting the thermostat; and the moment that this relief occurs, the recoil of the spring 18 will restore the valve.

I realize thatconsiderable variation is possible in the details of construction thus specifically shown and not intend by illustrating a single, specific or preferred embodiment of my invention to be limited thereto; my intention being in the appended claims to claim protection upon all thenovelty there may be in my invention as broadly as the state of the art Will permit.

W' hat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is- 1. In combination with an internal-combustion engine and a radiator having a water-circulating connection with the engine-jacket, a casing, a valve in the discharge-end of the casing, a thermostat in and a spring-pressed lever and link valveto open and closethe latter by variations in the temperature of the water in the jacket and operating to open the valve in opposition to the spring by excessive pressure against the valve.

2. In combination with an internal-combustion engine and .a radiator having 'a Water-circulating connection With the enginejacket, a casing interposed in the discharge-side of said connection, a butterflyvalve pivotally supported to one side of its median line in the discharge'end of the casing,a thermostat in the casing and a springpressed lever and link connection of the FERDINAND E. LAMMERT.

In presence of O. Free-HER, F. A. FLoRELL.

connection of the thermostat with the described, and I do 

